Citrus australasica – Finger Lime

Citrus australasica – Finger Lime

Habit and Habitat:
Citrus australasica, commonly known as Finger Lime, is a spiny shrub or small tree native to the subtropical rainforests of eastern Australia. It naturally grows as an understorey plant along rainforest margins, creek lines and sheltered slopes, favouring well-drained but moisture-retentive soils and some protection from harsh sun and wind.

Place in Local Habitat and Ecosystem Distribution:
Finger Lime occurs naturally from southeast Queensland through to northeastern New South Wales. In its native habitat it forms part of the mid-storey, contributing to structural diversity and providing food for insects, birds and mammals. Its flowers support pollinators, while fallen fruit is eaten by wildlife.

Planting Companions:
In a home garden, Finger Lime grows well alongside other subtropical and rainforest-edge species such as Backhousia citriodora, Syzygium smithii, Elaeocarpus reticulatus, Lomandra longifolia and Dianella species. These plants help create a sheltered, humid microclimate similar to their natural environment.

Human and Wildlife Uses:
The fruit is highly valued for its aromatic, bead-like pulp, used fresh or in contemporary cuisine for both sweet and savoury dishes. Indigenous Australians traditionally used the fruit as a food source and the plant for medicinal purposes. Flowers attract insects, while dense growth provides refuge for small birds.

Care Instructions:
Plant in a sunny to lightly shaded position with protection from strong winds. Finger Lime prefers well-drained soil enriched with organic matter and consistent moisture, particularly during flowering and fruit set. Avoid heavy frost and use low-phosphorus fertilisers formulated for native citrus. Light pruning helps maintain shape and encourages new growth.

Size, Height, Width, Flower, and Leaf Characteristics:
Finger Lime typically grows to 2–6 m high and 2–4 m wide, depending on conditions and selection. Leaves are small, glossy and aromatic when crushed. Flowers are white to pale pink and lightly scented, appearing in spring to early summer. Fruits are elongated and cylindrical, ranging in colour from green to yellow, pink or dark red, depending on form.

Latin Etymology:
The genus name Citrus refers to citrus-scented plants, while australasica means “from Australasia,” referencing its native range.

Traditional Uses:
Indigenous Australians harvested Finger Lime fruit as a bush food and used parts of the plant medicinally. The fruit’s refreshing pulp made it particularly valuable as a seasonal food in subtropical regions.

Planting Guidelines:
To grow Finger Lime successfully at home, choose a sheltered site with good drainage and regular water. Mulch well to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds. With time and care, this distinctive native citrus rewards growers with ornamental appeal, ecological value and unique, highly prized fruit.